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Clai Rice and Wilbur Bennett
This paper will present the
initial results of what van Herk 2008 calls "A Very Big Class Project"
(222), a project investigating the perceptions that residents of Southwest
Louisiana have of the dialects spoken in the area. Research on English
dialects in Southern Louisiana has often compressed variant dialectal forms
under the label "Cajun English" (Oetting and Garrity 2006) or deliberately
restricted it by race (Dubois and Horvath 2003a, 2003b), despite awareness
that a wide range of variation exists in the geographical area. We are
curious to discover if there are characteristics distinctive to a particular
geographical region that are not captured by the standard description of
Cajun or Creole English. The research goal of the 1st phase was to identify
areas of Southwest Louisiana that many residents feel have recognizable
dialect characteristics and to see what kind of sociological labels are used
by residents in discussion of local dialects. The associated pedagogical
goal was to involve students in a project that reinforces the information
and skills provided in the class, using tasks equal to their increasing
skill levels, inspire the students to participate, and importantly,
constitute "real research" (Van Herk 228).
The semester-long project consisted of four steps: information
collection, normalization, interpretation, and reporting. Each step was
preceded by instruction and followed by discussion. After the phonology and
variation components of the course were completed, students interviewed
local residents with questions and a map that helped elicit information
about where residents believed people spoke a different dialect and what
qualities make up those dialects. After normalizing the responses, picking
out dialect labels and identifying geographical areas, students entered the
results in an inline database. Finally, they wrote a summary of their
findings, comparing them with the results of other students from the
database. We are still compiling the overall results, but expect to report
on labels frequently used to describe areas of significant dialect
difference, such as New Orleans, on the role of racial terms within those
labels, and on differences among parishes and cities surrounding Lafayette.
We will also report the results of the first step for the project in the
Spring 2009 courses, which will be how to refine the questionnaire or map to
focus more on local variation.
References
Burns-Hoffman,
Rebecca. 2007. "Designing the Introductory Linguistics Course Project."
Paper presented at SECOL, Nagadoches, LA.
Dubois, Sylvie, and Barbarba Horvath. 2002. "Sounding Cajun: The
Rhetorical Use of Dialect in Speech and Writing." American Speech 77:
264-287.
Dubois, Sylvie, and Barbarba Horvath. 2003a. "The English
Vernacular of the Creoles of Louisiana." Language Variation and Change 15:
153-286.
Dubois, Sylvie, and Barbarba Horvath. 2003b. "Verbal Morphology
in Cajun Vernacular English." Journal of English Linguistics 31: 34-59.
van Herk, Gerard. 2008. "The Very Big Class Project:
Collaborative Language Research in Large Undergraduate Classes." American
Speech 83: 222-30.
Oetting, Janna B., and April Wimberly Garrity. 2006. "Variation
Within Dialects: A Case of Cajun/Creole Influence Within Child SAAE and
SWE." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 49: 16-26. |