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Viktoria Driagina-Hasko
Many Southern states have
been experiencing a significant growth of immigrant population over the past
decade. For example, during 2000-2006 the foreign-born population in Georgia
increased by more than 48.9% (FAIR, 2008). This trend has a number of
important implications for the field of language education; this paper
focuses on the challenge of preserving the valuable linguistic resource
that immigrant communities bring to the US: their heritage languages.
Specifically, the paper addresses the adjustments (and lack of thereof) that
schools systems have made in the Southern state of Georgia to develop
specialized programs which would sustain and develop linguistic proficiency
of heritage language learners in their native languages.
First, the paper will offer the overview of the recent
population changes in Georgia and will describe who the speakers of the
heritage languages are. Second, drawing on a state-wide survey of K-12
school administrators, district supervisors, and educators, the paper will
describe existing heritage language programs in Georgia, including the
specifics of the linguistic curricular that have been implemented. Third,
the author will discuss these programs in the light of the current research
on language acquisition of heritage speakers. Specifically, she will discuss
how the dynamics of second language acquisition in “true” foreign language
learners is different from the linguistic development of heritage speakers;
she will point out the methodological and curricular adjustments that need
to be made by language educators who are accustomed to the needs of the
former student population and faultily transfer the same instructional
techniques to heritage language classes. The author will close by making
recommendations for the curricular and methodological changes as well as
changes in teacher education programs that need to take place for the
effectiveness of heritage language programs to increase. |